156 Quick References for Devops, Developers, Sys admins and Networkers
ab -n 100 -c 50 <url>
ab -t 30 -c 50 <url>
getfacl <file>
setfacl -m u:username:rX <file> setfacl -m g:groupname:rw <file> setfacl -m o::- <file>
setfacl -m u::rwx,g:groupname:rX,o::- <file>
getfacl file-A | setfacl -M - file-B
setfacl -R -m u:username:rX <directory>
setfacl -x u:username,g:groupname <file>
setfacl -b <file>
setfacl -m d:u:username:rx <directory> setfacl -x d:u:username <directory>
setfacl -k <directory>
ag <phrase> --ignore-dir=<dir>
ag <phrase> --ignore=<file>
ag <phrase> --color | less -R
ag <phrase> -G <pattern>
alias
alias word="command"
alias word
unalias word
alias rm="rm --interactive"
alias la="ls --all"
ansible-playbook <YAML>
ansible-playbook <YAML> -f 10
ansible-playbook <YAML> --verbose
ansible-playbook <YAML> -C
ansible-playbook <YAML> -C -D
ansible-playbook <YAML> -l <host>
ansible -u ansible -i inventory.yml servers -m shell -a "ls /var"
ansible-playbook --syntax-check <YAML>
ansible-galaxy install <user>.<role>
ansible-galaxy remove <user>.<role>
ansible-galaxy list
ansible-galaxy search <role>
ansible-galaxy init <role>
ansible-galaxy role info <user>.<role>
ansible-vault encrypt_string 'SupersecretPa$$phrase' --name 'backup_encryption_key'
apk add <package>
apk del <package>
apk update
apk upgrade
apk search <package>
apt search <phrase>
apt show <package>
apt update
apt upgrade
apt dist-upgrade
apt update && apt upgrade # use dist-upgrade carefully if needed
apt install <package>...
apt remove <package>...
apt autoremove
apt depends <package>...
apt purge <package>...
apt list --installed
apt-cache search <phrase>
apt-cache show <package>...
apt-cache rdepends <package>
apt-cache showpkg <package>
apt-cache policy <package>
apt-get update
apt-get upgrade
apt-get dist-upgrade
apt-get update && apt-get dist-upgrade
apt-get install <package>...
apt-get download <package>
apt-get -o Dir::Cache="/path/to/destination/dir/" -o Dir::Cache::archives="./" install ...
grep 'install ' /var/log/dpkg.log
apt-get update -o DPkg::Options::='--force-confold' ...
at {time} {command 0} {command 1} Ctrl-d
now | midnight | noon | teatime (4pm) HH:MM now + N {minutes | hours | days | weeks} MM/DD/YY
atq
atrm {id}
awk '{print $5}' filename
awk '/foo/ {print $2}' filename
awk -F ',' '{print $NF}' filename
awk '{s+=$1} END {print s}' filename
awk 'NR%3==1' filename
awk '{if ($1 == "foo") print "Exact match foo"; else if ($1 ~ "bar") print "Partial match bar"; else print "Baz"}' filename
awk '($10 == value)'
awk '($10 >= min_value && $10 <= max_value)'
bzip2 -z foo
bzip2 -d foo.bz2
bzip2 -zc foo > foo.bz2
bzip2 -dc foo.bz2
cat <file>
cat -n <file>
cat -b <file>
cd path/to/directory
cd
cd ..
cd -
cd -P path/to/dir
chmod a+x myscript.sh
chmod u=rwx, go=r myscript.sh
chmod a-w myscript.sh
chmod = myscript.sh
chmod 644 myscript.sh
chmod 755 myscript.sh
chmod 666 myscript.sh
u - user (owner of the file) g - group (members of file's group) o - global (all users who are not owner and not part of group) a - all (all 3 roles above)
7 - full (rwx) 6 - read and write (rw-) 5 - read and execute (r-x) 4 - read only (r--) 3 - write and execute (-wx) 2 - write only (-w-) 1 - execute only (--x) 0 - none (---)
/bin/chmod -a# 0 /path/to/file
chown <user> <file>
chown <user>:<group> <file>
chown <user>: <file>
chown :<group> <file>
chown -R <user> <directory>
chown --reference=<reference-file> <file>
syntax: bash cmp <path/to/file_1> <path/to/file_2>
cmp -b <path/to/file_1> <path/to/file_2>
cmp -b --verbose <path/to/file_1> <path/to/file_2>
cmp -i 100 <path/to/file_1> <path/to/file_2>
cmp -n 200 <path/to/file_1> <path/to/file_2>
cmp --quiet <path/to/file_1> <path/to/file_2>
comm -12 <(sort file1.csv) <(sort file2.csv)
comm -23 <file-1> <file-2>
convert original.jpg converted.pdf
convert original.jpg -resize 100x converted.jpg
convert original.jpg -resize x100 converted.jpg
convert original.jpg -resize 100x100 converted.jpg
convert original.jpg -resize 100x converted.png
for file in `ls original/image/path/`; do new_path=${file%.*}; new_file=`basename $new_path`; convert $file -resize 150 converted/image/path/$new_file.png; done
convert -density 150 arch1.pdf -quality 80 'output.jpg'
convert -density 150 arch1.pdf -quality 80 'output-%d.jpg'
cp ~/Desktop/foo.txt ~/Downloads/foo.txt
cp -r ~/Desktop/cruise_pics/ ~/Pictures/
cp -i ~/Desktop/foo.txt ~/Documents/foo.txt
cp foo.txt{,."$(date +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)"}
cp -P <symlink-dir> <dest-dir>
cp --sparse=always <src> <dest>
cpdf in.pdf 1-3,6 -o out.pdf
cpdf in.pdf even -o out.pdf
cpdf -merge in.pdf in2.pdf AND -add-text "Copyright 2014" -o out.pdf
cpdf -control control.txt
cpdf -merge in.pdf in2.pdf -o out.pdf
cpdf -split in.pdf -o Chunk%%%.pdf -chunk 10
cpdf -split-bookmarks 0 in.pdf -o @N.pdf
cpdf -scale-page "2 2" in.pdf -o out.pdf
cpdf -scale-to-fit usletterportrait in.pdf -o out.pdf
cpdf -shift "26pt 18mm" in.pdf -o out.pdf
cpdf -rotate-contents 90 in.pdf -o out.pdf
cpdf -crop "0 0 600pt 400pt" in.pdf -o out.pdf
cpdf -encrypt 128bit fred joe in.pdf -o out.pdf
cpdf -decrypt in.pdf owner=fred -o out.pdf
cpdf -compress in.pdf -o out.pdf
cpdf -decompress in.pdf -o out.pdf
cpdf -list-bookmarks in.pdf
cpdf -add-bookmarks bookmarks.txt in.pdf -o out.pdf
cpdf -presentation in.pdf 2-end -trans Split -duration 10 -o out.pdf
cpdf -stamp-on watermark.pdf in.pdf -o out.pdf
cpdf -topleft 10 -font Courier -add-text "Page %Page\nDate %d-%m-%Y" in.pdf -o out.pdf
cpdf -twoup-stack in.pdf -o out.pdf
cpdf -pad-after 1,3,4 in.pdf -o out.pdf
cpdf -list-annotations in.pdf
cpdf -copy-annotations from.pdf in.pdf -o out.pdf
cpdf -set-title "The New Title" in.pdf -o out.pdf
cpdf -hide-toolbar true in.pdf -o out.pdf
cpdf -set-metadata metadata.xml in.pdf -o out.pdf
cpdf -set-page-layout TwoColumnRight in.pdf -o out.pdf
cpdf -set-page-mode FullScreen in.pdf -o out.pdf
cpdf -attach-file sheet.xls in.pdf -o out.pdf
cpdf -remove-files in.pdf -o out.pdf
cpdf -blacktext in.pdf -o out.pdf
cpdf -thinlines 2pt in.pdf -o out.pdf
* * * * * command_to_execute - - - - - | | | | | | | | | +- day of week (0 - 7) (where sunday is 0 and 7) | | | +--- month (1 - 12) | | +----- day (1 - 31) | +------- hour (0 - 23) +--------- minute (0 - 59)
*/15 * * * * /home/user/command.sh
0 0 * * * /home/user/command.sh
5 8 * * 6 /home/user/command.sh
% signs must be escaped such as \%
csplit <file> '/PATTERN/'
csplit -f 'prefix-' -b '%d.extension' <file> '/PATTERN/' '{*}'
curl <url>
curl <url> -o <outfile>
curl -O <url> -O <url>
curl http://example.com/pic[1-24].jpg
curl -u <username>:<password> <url>
curl -x <proxy-host>:<port> <url>
curl -u <username>:<password> -O ftp://example.com/pub/file.zip
curl ftp://username:[email protected]
curl -C - -o <partial-file> <url>
curl -I <url>
curl http://ifconfig.me/all.json
curl --limit-rate 1000B -O <outfile>
curl httpbin.org/ip
curl -o /dev/null -w '%{http_code}\n' -s -I URL
date +"%a"
date +"%B"
date +"%F"
date +"%T"
date +"%U"
date +"%W"
date +"%X"
date +"%Y"
date +"%Z" date +"%Y%m%d_%H%M%S"
date -d @1440359821
date -r 1440359821
date +%Z
date -R
date -u
TZ=CET date
TZ='America/Los_Angeles' date
dd if=/dev/urandom of=/tmp/test.txt count=2 bs=512
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null bs=4KB &; export dd_pid=`pgrep '^dd'`; while [[ -d /proc/$dd_pid ]]; do kill -USR1 $dd_pid && sleep 1 && clear; done
(pv -n /dev/zero | dd of=/dev/null bs=128M conv=notrunc,noerror) 2>&1 | dialog --gauge "Running dd command (cloning), please wait..." 10 70 0
(pv -n /dev/zero | dd of=/dev/null bs=128M conv=notrunc,noerror) 2>&1 | zenity --title 'Running dd command (cloning), please wait...' --progress
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null bs=128M status=progress
dcfldd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null bs=500K
dd if=/dev/dsp | ssh -c arcfour -C username@host dd of=/dev/dsp
dd if=/dev/zero of=foo1 seek=1 bs=1M count=0
df -h
df -d <path>
diff -u <file-1> <file-2>
diff -ur <dir-1> <dir-2>
diff -ub <file-1> <file-2>
diff -uB <file-1> <file-2>
diff -ui <file-1> <file-2>
diff -q <file-1> <file-2>
diff -s <file-1> <file-2>
diff <(command1) <(command2)
diff -Naur <file-1> <file-2> > <patch-file>
docker -d
docker build -t <image-tag-name> <path-of-Dockerfile>
docker run -ti <image-name> /bin/bash
docker exec -ti <container-name> bash
docker inspect <container-name> (or <container-id>)
docker inspect --format {{.State.Pid}} <container-name-or-id>
docker inspect --format='{{json .Volumes}}' <container-id> | python -mjson.tool
docker cp foo.txt mycontainer:/foo.txt
docker ps
docker ps -a
docker rm $(docker ps -qa)
docker images
docker rmi $(docker images | grep "^<none>" | awk '{print $3}')
docker volume prune
docker save -o <archive-name>.tar <image-name>
docker load -i <archive-name>.tar
docker image rm <image-name-or-id>
docker image tag <image-name>:<tag-name> <image-name>:<new-tag-name>
docker login
docker push <image-name>:<image-tag-name>
docker-compose up
docker-compose -f <path/to/compose_file.yml> up
docker-compose up -d
docker-compose up --build
docker-compose up <container_name_1> <container_name_2>
docker-compose ps
docker-compose stop
docker-compose down --rmi all --volumes
docker-compose logs --follow
docker-compose logs --follow <container_name>
docker-compose run <container_name> env
du -sk *| sort -rn
du -sh
du -shL
du -h --apparent-size
du -sh * | sort -rh
du -ma | sort -nr | head -n 20
env
env <variable>=<value> <command>
env <variable_1>=<value> <variable_2>=<value> <command>
env -u <variable> <command>
env -i <command>
ethtool -S <interface>
ethotool -P <interface>
ethtool -s <interface> [ speed %d ]
ethtool -s <interface> [ autoneg on|off ]
ethtool -S <interface> | grep error
export
export VARNAME="value"
fd <search query>
fd <search query> <directory>
fd -e <file extension> <search query>
fd -g <file name>.<file extension>
fd -H <search query>
fd -E <file or directories which should be excluded> <search query>
find -L . -type f
find . -iname "*.jpg"
find . -type d
find . -type f
find . -type f -perm 777
find . -xdev \( -perm -4000 \) -type f -print0 | xargs -0 ls -l
find . -type f -ctime -1 -print0 | xargs -0 -p cp -t <dir> find . -type f -ctime -1 -print0 | xargs -0 -p -J % cp % <dir>
find ./path/ -name '*.txt' -delete
find ./path/ -name '*~' -delete
find ./path/ -name '*.txt' -exec cat '{}' \;
find ./path/ -name '*.txt' | xargs grep 'string'
find . -size +5M -type f -print0 | xargs -0 ls -Ssh | sort -z
find . -type f -size +200000000c -exec ls -lh {} \; | awk '{ print $9 ": " $5 }'
find . -type f -mtime +7d -ls
find . -type l -user <username-or-userid> -ls
find . -type d -empty -exec rmdir {} \;
find . -maxdepth 2 -name build -type d
find . ! -iwholename '*.git*' -type f
find . -type f -samefile MY_FILE_HERE 2>/dev/null
find . -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \;
find . -type f -ctime -48h find . -type f -ctime -2 find . -type f -Btime -2 find . -type f -atime -2
find . -name '*,*' | while read f; do echo mv "$f" "${f//,/}"; done
find -L /usr/ports/packages -type l
find . -type f -exec sh -c "echo '{}'; cat '{}';" \;
fkill 1337
fkill safari
fkill :8080
fkill
free
free -b|k|m|g
free -h
free -s 2
fzf
cat $(fzf)
fzf +i
fzf -i
rm -rf $(fzf --multi)
fzf --preview "file {}"
find . -type f -name "*.txt" | fzf --preview "head {}"
fzf --border sharp
find . -type f "*.txt" | fzf --multi > output.txt
git config --global user.name <name> git config --global user.email <email>
git config --global core.editor <editor>
git config --global color.ui true
git add --all
git stash
git stash push -m <message>
git stash list
git stash pop
git stash apply stash@{6}
git commit -m <message>
git commit --amend
git commit --date="`date --date='2 day ago'`" git commit --date="Jun 13 18:30:25 IST 2015"
git filter-branch --env-filter \ 'if [ $GIT_COMMIT = 119f9ecf58069b265ab22f1f97d2b648faf932e0 ] then export GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="Fri Jan 2 21:38:53 2009 -0800" export GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="Sat May 19 01:01:01 2007 -0700" fi'
git reset --hard
git reset --hard HEAD~2
git reset --hard <remote>/<branch>
git update-ref -d HEAD
git clean -f -d
git clean -f -d -x
git push origin master
git push [email protected]:<username>/<repo>.git
git tag -a <tag> <commit> -m "<commit message>"
git push origin <tagname>
git push --delete origin <tagname>
git tag -d <tagname>
git push -f
git branch -D <branch>
git branch -d <branch>
git push --delete origin <branch>
git branch --merged | egrep -v "(^*|main|dev)" | xargs git branch -d
git branch -u upstream/foo
git blame <file>
git remote add upstream [email protected]:<username>/<repo>.git # Set a new repo git remote -v # Confirm new remote repo git fetch upstream # Get branches git branch -va # List local - remote branches git checkout master # Checkout local master branch git checkout -b new_branch # Create and checkout a new branch git merge upstream/master # Merge remote into local repo git show 83fb499 # Show what a commit did. git show 83fb499:path/fo/file.ext # Shows the file as it appeared at 83fb499. git diff branch_1 branch_2 # Check difference between branches git log # Show all the commits git status # Show the changes from last commit
git log --pretty=email --patch-with-stat --reverse --full-index -- Admin\*.py > Sripts.patch
git --git-dir=../some_other_repo/.git format-patch -k -1 --stdout <commit SHA> | git am -3 -k
git log @{u}..
git log -p feature --not master git diff master...feature
git rebase -i @~7
git diff --no-index path/to/file/A path/to/file/B
git fetch --all git reset --hard origin/master
git pull <remote> <branch> --rebase
git submodule update --init --recursive
git clone --depth 1 <remote-url>
git pull --unshallow
git checkout --orphan branch_name
git checkout -b master upstream/master
git remote prune origin
git remote prune $(git remote | tr '\n' ' ')
git show :/cool
git checkout -p HEAD^ -- /path/to/file
git revert <commit SHA>
git cherry-pick <commit SHA1>
git commit --amend --author="Author Name <[email protected]>"
git config --global user.signingkey 0A46826A
git tag -s v1.5 -m 'my signed 1.5 tag'
git commit -a -S -m 'Signed commit'
git log --pretty="format:%h %G? %aN %s"
git config user.signingkey [KEYID]
git config --global commit.gpgsign true
git ls-files --others --exclude-standard
go run .
go run ./cmd/foo/
go get github.com/foo/[email protected] go get github.com/foo/bar@8e1b8d3
go get -u github.com/foo/bar
go build -o=/tmp/foo .
go build -o=/tmp/foo ./cmd/foo
go env GOCACHE
go build -a -o=/tmp/foo .
go clean -cache
GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -o=/tmp/linux_amd64/foo . GOOS=windows GOARCH=amd64 go build -o=/tmp/windows_amd64/foo.exe .
go tool dist list
go list -m all
go mod why -m golang.org/x/sys
go clean -modcache
go doc strings
go doc -all strings
go doc strings.Replace
go doc sql.DB
go doc sql.DB.Query
go doc -src strings.Replace
go test .
go test ./...
go test ./foo/bar
go test -race ./...
go test -count=1 ./...
go clean -testcache
go test -v -run=^TestFooBar$ .
go test -v -run=^TestFoo .
go test -v -run=^TestFooBar$/^Baz$ .
go test -short ./...
go test -failfast ./...
go test all
go test -run=^TestFooBar$ -count=500 .
go fix ./...
go bug
go test -run=^$ -bench=^BenchmarkFoo$ -trace=/tmp/trace.out .
go tool trace /tmp/trace.out
go env
go env -w GOPATH=/foo/bar
go build -race -o=/tmp/foo . # not for production
grep <pattern> <file>
grep -in <pattern> <file>
grep -R <pattern> <dir>
grep -f <pattern-file> <file>
grep -v <pattern> <file>
grep -B 3 -A 2 <pattern> <file>
grep "^00" <file> # Match lines starting with 00 grep -E "[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}" <file> # Find IP add
grep -rnw <dir> -e <pattern>
ps aux | grep '[h]ttpd'
ps aux | grep -E --color 'bash|$'
gzip test.txt
gzip -c test.txt > test_custom.txt.gz
gzip -d test.txt.gz
gzip -l *.gz
gzip -r documents_directory
gzip < test.txt > test.txt.gz
sudo lshw
lsmod
find /lib/modules/$(uname -r) -type f -iname "*.ko"
modprobe <module>
modprobe -r <module>
lspci
lspci -vvxxx
cat /proc/cpuinfo
cat /proc/meminfo
dmesg
dmesg --kernel
head <file>
head -n <number> <file>
head -c <number> <file>
history | awk '{CMD[$2]++;count++;}END { for (a in CMD)print CMD[a] " " CMD[a]/count*100 "% " a;}' | grep -v "./" | column -c3 -s " " -t | sort -nr | nl | head -n10
http PUT example.org X-API-Token:123 name=John
http -f POST example.org hello=World
http -v example.org
http -a USERNAME POST https://api.github.com/repos/jkbrzt/httpie/issues/83/comments body='HTTPie is awesome!'
http example.org < file.json
http example.org/file > file
http --download example.org/file
http --session=logged-in httpbin.org/headers
http localhost:8000 Host:example.com
http PUT example.org name=John [email protected]
http PUT api.example.com/person/1 name=John age:=29 married:=false hobbies:='["http", "pies"]' [email protected] bookmarks:[email protected]
http POST api.example.com/person/1 < person.json
http --form POST api.example.org/person/1 name='John Smith' [email protected] cv=@~/Documents/cv.txt
http -f POST example.com/jobs name='John Smith' cv@~/Documents/cv.pdf
http example.org User-Agent:Bacon/1.0 'Cookie:valued-visitor=yes;foo=bar' X-Foo:Bar Referer:http://httpie.org/
http -a username:password example.org
http --auth-type=digest -a username:password example.org
http -a username example.org
cat ~/.netrc machine httpbin.org login httpie # password test http httpbin.org/basic-auth/httpie/test
http --proxy=http:http://10.10.1.10:3128 --proxy=https:https://10.10.1.10:1080 example.org
http --proxy=http:http://user:[email protected]:3128 example.org
http --verify=no https://example.org
http --verify=/ssl/custom_ca_bundle https://example.org
http --cert=client.pem https://example.org
http --cert=client.crt --cert-key=client.key https://example.org
# --headers, -h Only the response headers are printed. # --body, -b Only the response body is printed. # --verbose, -v Print the whole HTTP exchange (request and response). # --print, -p Selects parts of the HTTP exchange. http --verbose PUT httpbin.org/put hello=world
# Character Stands for # ----------- ------------------- # H Request headers. # B Request body. # h Response headers. # b Response body. http --print=Hh PUT httpbin.org/put hello=world
http --headers PATCH example.org/Really-Huge-Resource name='New Name'
http PUT example.com/person/1 X-API-Token:123 < person.json
grep '401 Unauthorized' /var/log/httpd/error_log | http POST example.org/intruders
echo '{"name": "John"}' | http PATCH example.com/person/1 X-API-Token:123
http GET https://api.github.com/repos/jkbrzt/httpie | http POST httpbin.org/post
cat | http POST example.com <paste> # ^D cat | http POST example.com/todos Content-Type:text/plain - buy milk - call parents ^D
pbpaste | http PUT example.com
echo 'data' | http POST example.org more=data # This is invalid
http PUT httpbin.org/put @/data/file.xml
http example.org/Movie.mov > Movie.mov
http octodex.github.com/images/original.jpg | convert - -resize 25% - | http example.org/Octocats
http --pretty=all --verbose example.org | less -R
http --download https://github.com/jkbrzt/httpie/tarball/master
http -d https://github.com/jkbrzt/httpie/tarball/master | tar zxf -
http -dco file.zip example.org/file
http --stream -f -a YOUR-TWITTER-NAME https://stream.twitter.com/1/statuses/filter.json track='Justin Bieber'
http --stream -f -a YOUR-TWITTER-NAME https://stream.twitter.com/1/statuses/filter.json track=Apple | while read tweet; do echo "$tweet" | http POST example.org/tweets ; done
http --session=user1 -a user1:password example.org X-Foo:Bar
http --session=user1 example.org
http --session=user2 -a user2:password example.org X-Bar:Foo
http --session=/tmp/session.json example.orghttp --session=/tmp/session.json admin.example.orghttp --session=~/.httpie/sessions/another.example.org/test.json example.orghttp --session-read-only=/tmp/session.json example.org
ifconfig <interface>
ifconfig -a
ifconfig wlan0 {up|down}
ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.100 netmask 255.255.255.0
route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.1.1
ip addr
ip link set dev wlan0 {up|down}
ip addr add 192.168.1.100/32 dev eth0
ip addr del 192.168.1.100/32 dev eth0
ip address flush dev eth0
ip route
ip -6 route
ip route add default via 192.168.1.1
ip route add 192.168.0.0/24 dev eth0
ip route get to 8.8.8.8
ip link set dev eth0 address aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff
ip neighbor show
iwconfig wlan0
iwconfig wlan0 txpower {on|auto|off}
iwconfig wlan0 mode {managed|ad-hoc|monitor}
journalctl -f
journalctl -b -p err
journalctl --since=2012-10-15 --until="2011-10-16 23:59:59"
journalctl -F _SYSTEMD_UNIT
journalctl -u dbus
journalctl /usr/bin/dbus-daemon
journalctl _PID=123
journalctl _COMM=sshd
journalctl _COMM=crond --since '10:00' --until '11:00'
journalctl --list-boots
journalctl _UID=1000
journalctl -t systemd-resolved
jq "." < filename.json
jq '.foo'
jq '.[0]'
jq '.[2:4]' jq '.[:3]' jq '.[-2:]'
jq keys
jq '.foo | sort_by(.bar)'
jq '.foo | length'
jq '.foo[] | {field_1,field_2}'
jq '.foo[] | {field_1,field_2} | join(" ")'
jq '.foo[] | select(.field_1 == "value_1")'
kill -15 <pid>
kill -9 <pid>
kubectl -h
kubectl command_name -h
kubectl api-resources
Pods, nodes, services, deployment, replicasets, statefulsets, volumes ...
kubectl explain resource_name
kubectl explain resource_name.field_name
kubectl options
source <(kubectl completion bash)
kubectl create -f ./file.yml
kubectl create -f ./dir
kubectl apply -f ./dir
kubectl get <resources> :services,nodes,pods
kubectl describe <resources> <resource-name>
kubectl apply -f ./file.yml
kubectl get all -A
kubectl get events --sort-by='.metadata.creationTimestamp'
kubectl config use-context CONTEXT_NAME [options]
kubectl label pods <pod-name> new-label=awesome
kubectl annotate pods <pod-name> icon-url=http://goo.gl/XXBTWq
kubectl logs <pod-name>
kubectl run -i --tty busybox --image=busybox -- sh
kubectl attach <podname> -i
kubectl port-forward <podname> <local-and-remote-port>
kubectl port-forward <servicename> <port>
kubectl exec <pod-name> -- ls /
kubectl exec <pod-name> -c <container-name> -- ls /
G
g
v
/<searchterm>
&
n
N
Alt-u
F less +F <filename>
less -X
:n
:p
less -S <filename> -S
s <filename>
Type g or < (g or less-than) | $ (pipe then dollar) then cat > <filename> and Enter.
ln -s <source-location> <symlink-location>
ln -sf <source-location> <symlink-location>
ls <dir>
ls -a <dir>
ls -lh <dir>
ls -S <dir>
ls -d */ <dir>
ls -d .*/ */ <dir>
ls -ltc
ls -lt
ls -1
/bin/ls -le
lscpu
lscpu --extended
lscpu --extended --offline
sudo lsof -i4
sudo lsof -i6
lsof -i
lsof -Pnl +M -i4
lsof -i TCP:80
lsof [email protected]
lsof <path>
lsof -u <username>
lsof -c <command>
lsof -p <pid>
lsof +f -- <mount-point>
man -t bash | ps2pdf - bash.pdf
man 7 ascii
cat /private/etc/man.conf
> first level and paragraph >> second level and first paragraph > > first level and second paragraph
To create a collapsible section (collapsed by default) showing the text "Collapsed Item Title", use this: <details> <summary>Collapsed Item Title</summary> <p>Collapsed content</p> <p>Other collapsed content.</p> </details>
Sub-bullets can be done with 2+ spaces or 1 tab * Red * sub-bullet * sub-sub-bullet * Green - sub with dash + sub with plus * Blue
1. First 1. First sub-item <-- this is the best supported format 2. Second * Unordered <-- this also appears to be a widely supported format 3. Third a. Lettered <-- there is mixed support for this format 4. Fourth i. using roman numerals <-- there is mixed support for this format ii. more stuff
There is limited support for rendering check lists: - [ ] incomplete task - [ ] incomplete sub-task - [x] complete sub-task - [x] complete task
regular text code code code
or a code block (optionally specifying the language, more details here: https://rdmd.readme.io/docs/code-blocks): ```shell alias ltr='ls -ltr' alias latr='ls -latr' ```
***
The "Title" is optional This is [an example](http://example.com "Title") inline link.
Italic: *em* _em_ Bold: **strong** __strong__ ~~strikethrough~~
minikube start --vm-driver=virtualbox
minikube docker-env
minikube dashboard
minikube service list
minikube service <service>
mkdir -p foo/bar/baz
mkdir -p foo/{bar,baz}
mkdir -p foo/{bar,baz/{zip,zap}}
more +5 <file>
mount -o remount,rw /
mount --bind <source> <destination>
mount -o uid=username,gid=usergroup /dev/sdx /mnt/xxx
mount -t nfs <host>:<remote-dir> <local-dir>
mount -o loop disk1.iso /mnt/disk
multipass
multiplass list
multipass find
multipass launch -v --name todelete
mv <src> <dest>
mv -f <src> <dest>
mv -i <src> <dest>
mv -n <src> <dest>
mv -t <dest> <file>...
mysql -h <host> -u <username> -p
mysqldump --all-databases --all-routines -u <username> -p > ~/dump.sql
mysql -u <username> -p < ~/fulldump.sql
CREATE DATABASE owa CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON database.* TO 'user'@'localhost'IDENTIFIED BY 'password' WITH GRANT OPTION;
SHOW GRANTS FOR CURRENT_USER(); SHOW GRANTS; SHOW GRANTS FOR CURRENT_USER;
SELECT * FROM tbl_name;
INSERT INTO tbl_name (col1,col2) VALUES(15,col1*2);
UPDATE tbl_name SET col1 = "example";
DELETE FROM tbl_name WHERE user = 'jcole';
SHOW PROCEDURE STATUS;
SHOW FUNCTION STATUS;
nc -p <src-port> -w <seconds> <dest-host> <dest-port>
nc -u <dest-host> <dest-port>
nc -s <source-host> <dest-host> <port>
nc -lU /var/tmp/dsocket
nc -x<proxy-host>:<proxy-port> -Xconnect <dest-host> <dest-port>
nc -x<proxy-host>:<proxy-port> -Xconnect -Pruser <host> <port>
nc -zv -s source_IP target_IP Port
ncat <host> [<port>]
ncat -l [<host>] [<port>]
ncat -l [<host>] [<port>] < file
ncat -l --keep-open [<host>] [<port>] < file
ncat [<host>] [<port>] > file
ncat -l --broker [<host>] [<port>]
ncat -l --ssl [<host>] [<port>]
ncat -l --allow <ip> ncat -l --deny <ip>
ncat --proxy <proxyhost>[:<proxyport>] --proxy-type {http | socks4} <host>[<port>]
ncat -l --chat [<host>] [<port>]
sudo netstat -lnptu
netstat -r
netstat -pln | grep <port> | awk '{print $NF}'
sudo netstat -vtlnp --listening -4
ss
ip route
ip -s link
ip maddr
nmap [target]
nmap -iL [list.txt]
nmap -6 [target]
nmap -O --osscan_guess [target]
nmap -oN [output.txt] [target]
nmap -oX [output.xml] [target]
nmap -source-port [port] [target]
nmap -A [target]
nmap -T5 --min-parallelism=50 -n --min-rate=300 [target]
nmap -traceroute [target]
nmap -sP 192.168.0.0/24
nmap --script default,safe
nmap --script default,banner,/home/user/customscripts
nmap --script 'http-*'
nmap --script "not intrusive"
nmap --script "default and safe"
nmap --script "(default or safe or intrusive) and not http-*"
nmap -T5 --min-parallelism=50 -n --script "ssl-heartbleed" -pT:443 127.0.0.1
nmap -d ...
nmap -p 22 192.168.0.0/24
The most common Nmap scripting engine categories: - auth: Utilize credentials or bypass authentication on target hosts. - broadcast: Discover hosts not included on command line by broadcasting on local network. - brute: Attempt to guess passwords on target systems, for a variety of protocols, including http, SNMP, IAX, MySQL, VNC, etc. - default: Scripts run automatically when -sC or -A are used. - discovery: Try to learn more information about target hosts through public sources of information, SNMP, directory services, and more. - dos: May cause denial of service conditions in target hosts. - exploit: Attempt to exploit target systems. - external: Interact with third-party systems not included in target list. - fuzzer: Send unexpected input in network protocol fields. - intrusive: May crash target, consume excessive resources, or otherwise impact target machines in a malicious fashion. - malware: Look for signs of malware infection on the target hosts. - safe: Designed not to impact target in a negative fashion. - version: Measure the version of software or protocols on the target hosts. - vul: Measure whether target systems have a known vulnerability.
nmcli d wifi connect <ssid> password <pass> iface <wiface>
nmcli d wifi disconnect iface <wiface>
nmcli radio wifi
nmcli radio wifi <on|off>
nmcli dev wifi list
nmcli dev wifi rescan
nmcli con
nmcli con show --active
nmcli dev status
nmcli con add type ethernet con-name <name> ifname <iface_name>
nmcli con import type openvpn file <path_to_ovpn_file>
nmcli con up <name>
nmcli dev wifi show
npm install <package>
npm install --save <package>
npm install --save-dev <package>
npm outdated
npm update
npm install -g npm
npm uninstall <package>
npm config set //npm.intra/:_authToken=\${NPM_TOKEN}
service ntp status
service ntp start
sudo hwclock -r
sudo hwclock --systohc
sudo hwclock --hctosys
sudo hwclock --localtime
sudo hwclock --utc
sudo hwclock --set --date="8/10/15 13:10:05"
ntpq -pn
/etc/ntp.conf
/var/lib/ntp/ntp.drift
od <binary-file> od -o <binary-file> od -t o2 <binary-file>
od -x <binary-file> od -t x2 <binary-file>
od -A x -t x1 <binary-file>
openssl genrsa -out server.key 2048
openssl req -new -key server.key -out server.csr
openssl x509 -req -days 365 -in server.csr -signkey server.key -out server.crt
openssl req -text -noout -in server.csr
openssl x509 -text -noout -in server.crt
openssl x509 -in server.crt -noout -sha256 -fingerprint
echo | openssl s_client -connect <hostname>:443 2> /dev/null | \ awk '/-----BEGIN/,/END CERTIFICATE-----/' | \ openssl x509 -noout -enddate
openssl dhparam -outform PEM -out dhparams.pem 2048
openssl s_client -connect 10.240.2.130:433
pass init <gpg-id>
pass init -p <path-to-directory> <gpg-id-1> <gpg-id-2>
pass insert [-m|--multiline] <path-to-data>
pass generate <path-to-data> <n>
pass
pass edit <path-to-data>
pass <path-to-data>
pass -c <n> <path-to-data>
pass git init
paste <file>...
ls | paste - - -
paste -s -d '\t\n' <file>
sed = <file> | paste -s -d '\t\n' - -
find / -name bin -type d | paste -s -d : -
patch <file> < <patch-file>
patch -R <file> < <patch-file>
$ cd dir $ patch -p1 -i <dir> <patch-file>
patch -p1 -r <dir> < <patch-file>
pgrep <pattern>
pgrep -f <pattern> | xargs kill
ping -c 15 <host>
ping -c 15 -i .5 <host>
ping -s 1500 -c 10 -M do <host>
ping6 -I eth0 ff02::1
pip search <package>
pip install <package>...
pip install --user <package>
pip install --upgrade <package>
pip freeze > requirements.txt pip install -r requirements.txt
pip show <package>
pip list --outdated
pip freeze --local | grep -v '^\-e' | cut -d = -f 1 | xargs -n1 pip install -U
pip list --outdated --format=freeze | cut -d = -f 1 | xargs -n1 pip install -U
pip install -I SomePackage1==1.1.0 'SomePackage2>=1.0.4'
pkill <process-name>
pkill -f <string>
podman ps
podman ps -a
podman pull vaultwarden/server:latest
podman images
podman rm <container-name>
ps aux
ps axjf
ps -aufoouser
ps -eo pid,user,command
ps aux | grep '[h]ttpd'
psql -U <username> -h <host> -d <database>
psql -U <username> -h <host> --list
psql -U <username> -d <database> -c 'select * from tableName;' -o <outfile>
psql -U <username> -d <database> -H -c 'select * from tableName;'
psql -U <username> -d <database> -c 'copy (select * from tableName) to stdout with csv header;' -o <outfile>
psql -f <outfile>
psql -f <outfile> <username>
pwd
pyenv install <version>
pyenv global <version>
pyenv local <version>
pyenv virtualenv <version> <virtualenv_name>
pyenv uninstall <version>
pyenv versions
pyenv version
python -m SimpleHTTPServer python -m http.server 8000
python -m smtpd -n -c DebuggingServer localhost:1025
python -m json.tool foo.json
shutdown -r 22:00
[...]: Any one character between the brackets. [^...]: Any one character not between the brackets. [0-9]: It matches any decimal digit from 0 through 9. [a-z]: It matches any character from lowercase a through lowercase z. [A-Z]: It matches any character from uppercase A through uppercase Z. [a-Z]: It matches any character from lowercase a through uppercase Z.
p+: It matches any string containing at least one p. p*: It matches any string containing zero or more ps. p?: It matches any string containing one or more ps. p{N}: It matches any string containing a sequence of N ps. p{2,3}: It matches any string containing a sequence of two or three ps. p{2, }: It matches any string containing a sequence of at least two ps. p$: It matches any string with p at the end of it. ^p: It matches any string with p at the beginning of it.
Alphanumeric: Itself. \0: The NUL character (\u0000). \t: Tab (\u0009). \n: Newline (\u000A). \v: Vertical tab (\u000B). \f: Form feed (\u000C). \r: Carriage return (\u000D).
.: a single character. \s: a whitespace character (space, tab, newline). \S: non-whitespace character. \d: a digit (0-9). \D: a non-digit. \w: a word character (a-z, A-Z, 0-9, _). \W: a non-word character. [\b]: a literal backspace (special case). [aeiou]: matches a single character in the given set. [^aeiou]: matches a single character outside the given set. (foo|bar|baz): matches any of the alternatives specified.
Matching a Username: ^[a-z0-9_-]{3,16}$ Matching a Password: ^[a-z0-9_-]{6,18}$ Matching a Hex Value: ^#?([a-f0-9]{6}|[a-f0-9]{3})$ Matching a Slug: ^[a-z0-9-]+$ Matching an Email: ^([a-z0-9_\.-]+)@([\da-z\.-]+)\.([a-z\.]{2,6})$ Matching a URL: ^(https?:\/\/)?([\da-z\.-]+)\.([a-z\.]{2,6})([\/\w \.-]*)*\/?$ Matching an IP Address: ^(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\.){3}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)$ Matching an HTML Tag: ^<([a-z]+)([^<]+)*(?:>(.*)<\/\1>|\s+\/>)$
rename 'y/A-Z/a-z/' *
rename 's/sometext/replacedby/' *
rm -rf <dir>
rm -f <dir>
find /tmp/ -inum 6666 -exec rm -i '{}' \;
rmdir [option] directory_name
rmdir -v directory_name
rmdir-p directory_name
rmdir --help
rmdir --version
route -n
route add default gateway 192.168.0.1
route add -net 127.0.0.0 netmask 255.0.0.0 dev lo
route add -net 192.56.76.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 dev eth0
route del default
route add default gw mango-gw
route add ipx4 sl0
route add -net 192.57.66.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw ipx4
route add -net 10.0.0.0 netmask 255.0.0.0 reject
route add -net 224.0.0.0 netmask 240.0.0.0 dev eth0
rpm -ivh <rpm>
rpm -Uv <rpm>
rpm -e <package>
rpm -e --nodeps <package>
rpm -qf <file>
rpm -ql <package> rpm -qpl <rpm>
rpm -q --whatrequires <package> rpm -q --whatrequires <file>
rpm -qa
rpm -i --test <package>
rpm -K <package>
rpm -V <package>
rsync -avz host:file1 :file1 /dest/ rsync -avz /source host:/dest
rsync -avc <src> <dest>
rsync -auv /src/foo /dest
rsync -auv /src/foo/ /foo_bak
rsync -avz -e "ssh -p1234" <source> <username>@<host>:<dest>
rsync -avz -e "ssh -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa" <src> <dest>
rsync -avz --rsync-path="sudo rsync" user@<src> <dest>
find /path/to/files -type l -print | \ rsync -av --files-from=- /path/to/files user@targethost:/dest_path
salt-key -L
salt-key -A
salt-key -a <target>
salt-key -D <target>
salt <target> test.ping
salt-run jobs.active
salt <target> saltutil.kill_job <job_id>
salt-cp <target> <source> <dest>
salt <target> cp.get_file salt://<source> <destination>
salt <target> cp.push <source>
salt <target> state.apply <state_name>
sar -u 2 5
sar -P 1 1 3
sar -r 1 3
sar -S 1 3
sar -F 2 5
sar -d 1 3
sar -n DEV 1 3 | grep -v lo
scd -ar ~/Documents/
scd doc
scd a b c
scd "ts$"
scd -v
scd --alias=xray
scd xray
scp <file> <user>@<host>:<dest>
scp <user>@<host>:<src> <dest>
scp -o "ProxyCommand nc -x 127.0.0.1:9999 -X 4 %h %p" <file> <user>@<host>:<dest>
scp -3 <user>@<host1>:<src> <user>@<host2>:<dest>
screen -S <session-name>
Press Ctrl+A then press d
screen -r <session-name>
screen -ls
screen -XS <session-name> quit
sed 's/day/night/g' <file>
sed -i 's/day/night/g' <file>
echo 'It is daytime' | sed 's/day/night/g'
sed -i -r 's/^\s+//g' <file>
sed '/^$/d' <file>
sed ':a;N;$!ba;s/\n//g' <file>
sed '/Once upon a time/i\Chapter 1'
sed '/happily ever after/a\The end.'
getenforce sestatus cat /etc/selinux/config
setenforce 0
ls -Z ps -Z ss -Z id -Z
getsebool -a
setsebool foo_bar 1 -P
sudo cat /var/lib/selinux/targeted/active/booleans.local
sudo chcon -t foo_bar_t /foo/bar/baz.txt sudo restorecon -vR /foo/bar/
sudo semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_content_t "/foo(/.*)?" sudo semanage -a -e /var/www/html /foo sudo restorecon -vR /foo
sudo dnf install setroubleshoot sudo journalctl -t setroubleshoot
sudo setenforce 0 sudo journalctl sudo sealert -l <uuid> grep foobar /var/log/audit/audit.log | audit2allow -M mypol sudo semodule -i mypol.pp
sudo dnf install policycoreutils-gui
sha256sum <file>
sha256sum Some text ^D
sha256sum --check <file-with-list-of-checksums>
sha256sum --check --ignore-missing <file-with-list-of-checksums>
shred -n 5 -v <file>
shred -n 5 -vz <file>
shred -n 5 -vzu <file>
shred -n 5 -vz /dev/sda
shutdown -r now
shutdown -h now
shutdown -r +5
shutdown -c
sbatch job.sh
squeue -u <user>
scancel <job-id> scancel --name <job-name>
scontrol show jobid -dd <job-id>
sstat --format=AveCPU,AvePages,AveRSS,AveVMSize,JobID -j <job-id> --allsteps
smbclient -L <host> -U%
smbclient //<host>/<share> -U<user>%<password>
snap find <package>
snap info <package>
snap find --private
sudo snap install <package>
sudo snap install <package> --channel=beta
snap list
snap list --all
sudo snap refresh
sudo snap refresh <package>
sudo snap refresh <package> --channel=beta
sudo snap revert <package>
snap revert <package> --revision 5
sudo snap remove <package>
sudo snap login
snap logout
snap changes
snap change 123
snap watch 123
snap abort 123
snap download <package>
snap ack foo.assert snap install foo.snap
snap install --dangerous foo.snap
snap install --devmode foo
snap install --classic foo
snap interfaces
snap connect foo:camera :camera
snap disconnect foo:camera
snap disable foo
snap enable foo
snap set foo bar=10
snap get foo bar
snmpwalk -Os -c public -v 1 zeus system
snmpwalk -Os -c public -v 1 -CE sysORTable zeus system
sudo sockstat -l
sort <file>
sort -u <file>
sort -r <file>
sort -R <file>
split <file> -l 1000
split <file> -b 10M
cat x* > <file>
sqlite3 <database>
sqlite3 <database> "create table os(id integer primary key, name text, year integer);"
sqlite3 <database> "insert into 'os' values(1,'linux',1991);"
sqlite3 <database> ".tables"
sqlite3 <database> ".schema 'os'"
sqlite3 <database> "select * from 'os';"
sqlite3 <database> "select * from 'os' where year='1991';"
sqlite3 <database> "select * from 'os' where year like '19%';"
sqlite3 <database> ".import /path/to/city.csv cities"
./sqlmap.py --url="<url>" --data="<post-data>" --banner
./sqlmap.py -r <request-file> <options>
./sqlmap.py -r <request-file> --fingerprint
./sqlmap.py -r <request-file> --current-user --current-db --hostname
./sqlmap.py -r <request-file> --is-dba
./sqlmap.py -r <request-file> --users --passwords
./sqlmap.py -r <request-file> --dbs
./sqlmap.py -r <request-file> -D <db-name> --tables
./sqlmap.py -r <request-file> -D <db-name> --columns --schema --count ./sqlmap.py -r <request-file> -D <db-name> -T <tbl-name> -C <col-name> -U <user-name>
./sqlmap.py -r <request-file> -D <db-name> -T <tbl-name> -C <col-name> --dump
./sqlmap.py -r <request-file> --sql-query="<sql-query>"
./sqlmap.py -r <request-file> --prefix="<sql-query>" --suffix="<sql-query>"
./sqlmap.py -r <request-file> --os-shell
ss -tlp
ss -t dst 192.168.2.1:80
ss -t state established '( dport = :ssh or sport = :ssh )'
ssh -i <pemfile> <user>@<host>
ssh -p <port> <user>@<host>
ssh -A <user>@<host>
ssh -t <user>@<host> 'the-remote-command'
ssh -oKeXAlgorithms=+diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1 <user>@<server>
ssh -X <user>@<host>
ssh -f -L 8080:remote.example.com:5000 [email protected] -N
ssh -X -t <user>@<host> 'chromium-browser'
ssh -qND <port> <user>@<host>
ssh -o "ProxyCommand nc -x 127.0.0.1:9999 -X 4 %h %p" <user>@<host>
ssh <user>@<host> -C -c blowfish -X
ssh <user>@<host> "cd /var/www/Shared/; tar zcf - asset1 asset2" | tar zxf -
sshfs <user>@<host>:/path/to/folder /path/to/mount/point
emacs /ssh:<user>@<host>:<file>
ssh-add <keyfile>
ssh-add -K
ssh-add -K ~/.ssh/github_rsa
ssh-add -L
ssh-add -l
ssh-add -d <keyfile>
ssh-add -D
ssh-copy-id <user>@<host>
ssh-copy-id <user>@<host> -p 2222
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/a_public_key.pub "username@host -p 2222"
ssh-keygen -t rsa
ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096
ssh-keygen -t ed25519-sk
ssh-keygen -t ed25519-sk -O resident
ssh-keygen -p -P <old-passphrase> -N <new-passphrase> -f <keyfile>
ssh-keygen -p -P <old-passphrase> -N '' -f <keyfile>
ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -C "$USER@$HOSTNAME" -P <passphrase>
ssh-keygen -lf <keyfile>
ssh-keygen -E md5 -lf <keyfile>
ssh-keygen -K
ssh-keygen -y -f <private-key-file> > <public-key-file> ssh-keygen -y -f ~/.ssh/private-key > ~/.ssh/public-key.pub
some-command 2>&1
some-command > <file>
some-command 2> <file>
some-command > <file> 2>&1
strace <command>
strace -o <outfile> <command>
strace -e trace=open <command>
strace -e trace=file <command>
strace -e trace=process <command>
strace -f <command>
strace -c <command>
strace -p <pid>
su <user>
sudo -E <cmd>
svn update "/path"
svn status
svn diff "/path/filename"
svn add "path/item"
svn revert "/path/file"
svn commit -m "message" "/path"
svn help diff
systemctl
systemctl status foo.service
systemctl start/restart/stop foo.service
systemctl reload foo.service
systemctl edit foo.service
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable foo.service
systemctl disable foo.service
systemctl --user start/restart/stop emacs.service
systemctl list-units
systemctl list-units -at service
systemctl list-units -t service --state running
systemctl list-unit-files -at service
systemctl list-units --all --state=inactive
systemctl list-unit-files
journalctl -b
journalctl -k
journalctl -b -u foo.service
systemctl list-dependencies foo.service
systemctl show foo.service
systemctl list-units --type=target
systemctl isolate foo.target
systemctl enable foo.target
systemd-analyze
systemd-analyze blame
systemctl list-units
systemctl enable foo.service
systemctl <start | stop> foo.service
/etc/systemd/system /usr/lib/systemd/system
tail <file>
tail -n <number> <file>
tail -n +<number> <file>
tail -c <number> <file>
tail -f <file>
tar -xvf /path/to/foo.tar
tar -xvf /path/to/foo.tar -C /path/to/destination/
tar -cvf /path/to/foo.tar /path/to/foo/
tar -xzvf /path/to/foo.tgz tar -xzvf /path/to/foo.tar.gz
tar -czvf /path/to/foo.tgz /path/to/foo/ tar -czvf /path/to/foo.tar.gz /path/to/foo/
tar -tzvf /path/to/foo.tgz tar -tzvf /path/to/foo.tar.gz
tar -xjvf /path/to/foo.tar.bz2
tar -cjvf /path/to/foo.tar.bz2 /path/to/foo/
tar -tjvf /path/to/foo.tar.bz2
tar -czvf /path/to/foo.tgz --exclude=\*.{jpg,gif,png,wmv,flv,tar.gz,zip} /path/to/foo/
tar -z ... -> tar -Ipigz ... tar -j ... -> tar -Ipbzip2 ... tar -J ... -> tar -Ipixz ...
tarsnap -c -f <archive-name> /usr/home /other/stuff/to/backup
tarsnap -c -f <archive-name> --dry-run --print-stats <directories...>
tarsnap -c -f <target-archive-name> @@<source-archive>
tarsnap --list-archives
tarsnap -d -f <archive-name>
tarsnap -tv -f <archive-name>
tarsnap -x -f <archive-name> usr/home/alice usr/home/bob
ls | tee <outfile>
ls | tee -a <outfile>
ls | tee /dev/tty | xargs printf "\033[1;34m%s\033[m\n"
terraform init
terraform fmt
terraform validate
terraform apply
terraform destroy
terraform init -upgrade
terraform get -update
tidy -i -wrap 160 -o output.html input.html
timedatectl set-timezone Europe/Paris
top -i <interval>
top -s <delay>
top -a
top -d
top -e
top -F
top -f
top -h
top -o <key>
tree
tree <dir>
tree --prune
tree -a
tree -d -L 2
truncate -s 0 <file>
truncate -s 100 <file>
truncate -s 100K <file>
udisksctl info -b <device>
udisksctl mount --block-device <device>
udisksctl unmount --block-device <device>
udisksctl help
ulimit -a
ulimit -n unlimited
uname -a
uname -n
uname -r
uname -v
uname -m
uname -s
uname -o
sort <file> | uniq
sort <file> | uniq -u
sort <file> | uniq -d
sort <file> | uniq -c
sort <file> | uniq -uc
sort <file> | uniq -dc
unzip <archive>
unzip <archive> -d <directory>
unzip -tq <archive>
unzip -l <archive>
uptime [option]
uptime
uptime -p
uptime -s
uptime -V
uptime -h
sudo usermod -aG sudo <username>
vagrant init
vagrant box add hashicorp/precise32
vagrant up
vagrant ssh
vagrant halt
vagrant suspend
vagrant destroy
vagrant reload --provision
virsh connect qemu:///system
virsh list --all
virsh dumpxml guest_id > path/to/guest.xml
virsh create path/to/config_file.xml
virsh edit guest_id
virsh command guest_id
virsh save guest_id filename
virsh destroy guest_id && virsh undefine guest_id
virtualenv /path/to/project/env_name
virtualenv --system-site-package /path/to/project/env_name
virtualenv /path/to/project/env_name -p /usr/bin/python/3.4
source /path/to/project/env_name/bin/activate
deactivate
pip install --user virtualenvwrapper export WORKON_HOME=~/.virtualenvs mkdir -p $WORKON_HOME source ~/.local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh
mkvirtualenv env_name
workon env_name
deactivate
rmvirtualenv env_name
wc -w <file> cat <file> | wc -w
wc -l <file> cat <file> | wc -l
wc -c <file> cat <file> | wc -c
ls | wc -l
ls -l | wc -l | xargs
wget <url> wget <url>...
wget <url> -O <outfile>
wget -P <dir> <url>
wget -c <url>
wget -i url_list.txt
wget -pk <url>
wget -mk <url>
wget http://example.com/files-{1..15}.tar.bz2
wget -r -l1 -A.extension http://example.com/directory
wget -S --spider -O - <url>
wget -U 'toto' <url>
wget --limit-rate=500k <url>
xmlto pdf mydoc.xml
xmlto -o html-dir html mydoc.xml
xmlto html-nochunks mydoc.xml
xmlto -m ulink.xsl pdf mydoc.xml
xmlto -x mystylesheet.xsl pdf mydoc.xml
echo '42 is the solution' | xxd -p
echo '34322069732074686520736f6c7574696f6e0a' | xxd -r -p
zoneadm -z <zone> halt
zoneadm -z <zone> halt zoneadm -z <zone> uninstall
zoneadm -z <zone> verify
zoneadm -z <zone> install
zoneadm -z <zone> boot
zoneadm -z <zone> reboot
zoneadm list -cv