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Normally LDP neighbors are found automatically by sending UDP Hello packets on Port 646 with the destination of multicast address 224.0.0.2 out of each LDP enabled interface.
In some MPLS applications a LDP session must be established between non directly connected peers to exchange labels. In such cases Hello packets can not be just broadcasted, instead [...]

The IS-IS Routing Protocol may be used as an IGP to support IP as well as OSI. This allows a single routing protocol to be used to support pure IP environments, pure OSI environments, and dual environments. Integrated IS-IS is deployed extensively in an IP-only environment in the top-tier Internet service provider (ISP) networks. The [...]

A voice VLAN port is an access port attached to a Cisco IP Phone, configured to use one VLAN for voice traffic and another VLAN for data traffic from a device attached to the phone.
This feature allows the switch to use CDP for sending configuration options regarding COS, Voice VLAN and data VLAN to the [...]

BPDUs are the messages exchanged between switches to calculate the spanning tree topology. BPDU filter is a feature used to filter sending or receiving BPDUs on a switchport.
It is extremely useful on those ports which are configured as portfast ports as there is no need to send or receive any BPDU messages on of [...]

Extended VLANs are VLANs within the range of 1006 to 4094. They are mainly used in service provider networks to allow the provisioning of number of customers. In order to configure an extended VLAN you have to follow the guideline below:

Extended VLANs are used just like normal VLANs; only different range.
Extended VLANs must be [...]

IP unnumbered is method that you can use to enable IP processing on a Point to Point interface without assigning an it an IP address to conserve the IP address space.
All you need to do, is to select an interface that you are going to borrow its IP address; preferrably the loopback interface because it [...]

What is a virtual-template interface?
A virtual-template interface is a logical entity that can be used to apply predefined interface configurations for virtual-access interfaces.
Virtual template interfaces is configured independently of any physical interface and applied dynamically, as needed, to create virtual access interfaces.
What is a virtual-access  interface?
Virtual access interface is a virtual interface that is created, [...]